...
You can test the keyboard output by typing your password to the field "Name" in login window.
However, to protect your account security you should do this only when nobody else can see what you are typing.
Active Directory
...
login macOS differs
...
from Windows
Also note that Macs may require the user has changed password at least once before login is allowed (the initially created account password may not be enough).
This is not yet confirmed but still changing your password may be the easy solution for login problems with Macs.
...